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Temple Kalmouk sur la rive gauche du Volga. Voyage à la mer Caspienne par Mr et Mme Hommaire de Hell. |
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Description
Ignace Xavier Morand Hommaire de Hell was a French engineer, geographer, traveler (1812 - 1848). Despite his short life and constant ill health, he carried out pioneering scientific research in the Ottoman empire, southern Russia, and Persia. He graduated as an engineer at the École des Mines de Saint-Étienne, where, in 1833, he married Jeanne Louise Adélaïde Hériot (1819-83).
She accompanied him on some of his travels and helped him with his work. In October 1835 he left France for Turkey, narrowly escaping shipwreck on the way. He oversaw the construction of a suspension bridge in Constantinople and a lighthouse on the Black Sea coast, and extensively surveyed the surrounding region before settling with his family in southern Russia in 1838. Besides ethnographical and commercial research, he carried out many geographical, industrial, and mining surveys for Czar Nicholas I, who honored him with the Cross of St. Vladimir. He then supervised mining and road building projects for the prince of Moldavia, before illness forced him to return to France in 1842.
In 1843 he became a member of the Société de Géographie and the Société de Géologie and started to publish scientific papers. In collaboration with his wife, to whom he attributes all the finer touches in his writings, he published Les steppes de la mer Caspienne (1844-47). In 1844 he was awarded the Prize of the Société de Géographie, and, in 1845, the Légion d’Honneur. He was then granted 3,000 Francs per year by the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture to support a scientific mission to the Orient.
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