Crempa Holsatiae Opp. ... [on sheet with] Reinholdsburga - Rendesburga. (Krempe - Rendsburg)

Two bird's-eye views by Braun and Hogenberg: Krempe and Rendsburg.

KREMPE : TRANSLATION OF CARTOUCHE TEXT: Krempe, at the instigation of Joannes Rantzau, Knight of the Golden Helm, a heavily Holstein town.

COMMENTARY BY BRAUN: "Krempe, a town in Holstein, derives its name from the heavily travelled waters that flow through the midst of it to the Rivers Stör and Elbe. It was incorporated as a city and granted its coat of arms in 1271 by Gerhard, first Count of Schauenburg and Holstein. In 1535, during the Count's War, it was fortified by the knight Johannes Rantzau with moated ramparts and bastions and is now not the least of the Holstein fortifications. Its inhabitants are merchants for the most part, but they also engage in farming."

Looking from the north, the viewer sees a town mentioned for the first time in 1240, made a free city in 1250 and fortified in the 16th century.The huddle of patrician town-house gables is topped only by the church of St Peter and the magnificent town hall (Curia), attesting to the heyday of this trading centre from the 13th to the 16th century. By the time this work went to print ships from Krempe were sailing as far as to the Mediterranean and even to Arkhangelsk on the White Sea and Krempe merchants had opened trading posts in England, France and Portugal. The founding of Glückstadt put paid to the town's prosperity. To add insult to injury the Au silted up - by 1696 Krempe was bankrupt. Plagues, wars and enforced levies did the rest, leaving the city to sink into the somnolence of a rural backwater.

RENDSBURG with CARTOUCHE: Rendsburg, a fine town in Holstein, encircled by the River Eider.

COMMENTARY BY BRAUN: "The city is situated in a highly advantageous location. Indeed the River Eider flows all round it and through it with so many bends that one can board a ship there and sail for Spain, France, England and the Netherlands. The tower, which is still visible today next to the castle, was built by Gerhard the Great, Count of Holstein and Schauenburg, in 1230. Afterwards it was sold to the Kings of Denmark, had the existing fortifications erected."

Viewed from the north and a slightly elevated vantage point, the town is situated on an island in the River Eider and fortified with earthworks. The church of St Mary, the first Gothic hall church built in Holstein, and the 16th-century town hall are easy to pick out at the centre of the island. The three-masted ships in the background indicate far-flung North Sea and Baltic trade links. Rendsburg, which is first mentioned in 1199 and was made a free city in 1252/53, began as a settlement on a ford over the Eider marking the border between Schleswig and Holstein and was defended by the Reinholdsburg, a 12th-century border fortress that was converted into a Renaissance palace in the late 16th century. Construction of the North Sea-Baltic Canal in 1887-1895 made the water-level sink by 2 m so that nothing indicate today that Rendsburg was once on an island.

More about Frans Hogenberg. and his Braun and Hogenberg, Civitatus [+]

Reference: Van der Krogt 4, 2162, state 1; Taschen, Braun and Hogenberg, p. 315.